Ancestral Pueblo Anasazi Kivas Were Used for Astronomy

Via Sacred studies : Ohio Wesleyan art professor uncovers celestial connection in desert Southwest, a November 1, 2009 article by Doug Caruso at THE COLUMBUS DISPATCH. Read the whole article. Here is my summary with a link to the important illustration:

Two Ohio Wesleyan professors have greatly furthered the cause of my decades-long megalithic research by confirming what I have always argued about the ancient megaliths and such megalithic sites as the Malta Temples.

They are all astronomy, here on the example of the Anasazi (Ancestral Pueblo) Kivas, as proven by Jim Krehbiel, head of the Ohio Wesleyan University Art Department, together with Barbara Andereck, a professor of astronomy and physics at Ohio Wesleyan and one of her students, Natalie Cunningham, who did important calculations.

Here is what they have discovered about the Kivas as astronomical observatories, using stone formations as lines of sight:



source of the ilustration at
http://www.dispatch.com/live/content/science/stories/2009/11/01/graph.html

Sacred studies | The Columbus Dispatch

Ohio Wesleyan art professor uncovers celestial connection in desert Southwest at Sacred studies | The Columbus Dispatch

StandingStones.tv » The Greatest Megalithic Site of All

StandingStones.tv » The Greatest Megalithic Site of All

Stonehenge Barrows Astronomical Interpretation - Megalithic Wiki

Stonehenge Barrows Astronomical Interpretation - Megalithic Wiki

Circular stroll around Castlerigg stones (From Lancashire Telegraph)

Circular stroll around Castlerigg stones (From Lancashire Telegraph)

YouTube - World's Largest Pyramid Discovered, Lost Mayan City Of Mirador Guatemala CNN

YouTube - World's Largest Pyramid Discovered, Lost Mayan City Of Mirador Guatemala CNN

Happy Halloween 2006 : The ancient Pharaohs revered cats

Happy Halloween 2006 : This is our Pharaonic Cat Pumpkin
The ancient Pharaohs revered cats

HAPPY HALLOWEEN 2006.
The ancient Pharaohs revered cats
Take a look at The Role of Cats in Ancient Egypt

Who Was Nefertiti? - The Tomb KV35 Controversy

We are all familiar with the famous bust of Nofretete (Nefertiti in neo-Egyptological garble).
Who was this woman? Who was she?

Mark Rose in "Where's Nefertiti?", a book review of Joann Fletcher's The Search for Nefertiti: The True Story of an Amazing Discovery, William Morrow & Co., comments on the alleged find of Nefertiti's mummy in tomb KV35, where Joann Fletcher has allegedly identified the "Younger Woman" in that tomb as Nefertiti. Priority to this identification is disputed by a certain Marianne Luban, who is thus equally in error in falsely identifying this mummy as Nefertiti, since the mummy is a male according to DNA evidence (En Route to the Truth by Mark Rose).

Truly, most of these accounts of Nefertiti's life, identity and mummy are more or less empty speculations, as also Joyce Tyldesley's book, Nefertiti: Egypt's Sun Queen, and quite typical for Egyptology, where rampant speculation is the rule, rather than the exception.

Mark Rose writes:

"The mummy in question was found in 1898 in a sidechamber in the tomb of Amenhotep II, which is designated KV35 in the numbering system for the Valley of the Kings. With the "Younger Woman" (as it is known) were two other mummies (a male youth and the "Elder Woman). All three had been partially dismantled by looters. In another sideroom were nine royal mummies that had been taken from their original tombs and been rewrapped and moved to KV35 by 20th Dynasty priests. Two other mummies, that of Amenhotep II and a unidentified male, and two skulls complete KV35's human inventory."

Who are the mummies found in Tomb KV35 and why do the Egyptologists have so much difficulty in identifying who they were?

To answer that question we first have to correct the Egyptologist's false transcription of Nefertiti's name, originally rendered as Nofretete and now given in "neo-Egyptology" as Nefertiti. Both versions are hopelessly wrong.The correct transcription of the hieroglyphic name of Nefertiti, as we have discovered, is in fact Chetite, i.e. the name means the Hittite Queen, a name which makes sense since at this time there is a flurry of letter exchanges to and from this region, the so-called "Amarna Letters". (Explanation: the hieroglypgh NFR as in NEFERtiti means "breath in the throat", so it is not meant to write NFR out as part of the name, but rather to render it as a "rasping throaty breath" sound.)

We know that Echnaton (=Akhenaten, who is King Saul) obtained a Queen of the Amazons from around the Black Sea as his wife (this was Nefertiti). She was the HITTITE QUEEN. Indeed, when Saul died, it was Nefertiti, under the name Ankhesenamun (= Ahinoam, A(nkh)-he-noam) who asked for a Hittite son to be King of Egypt:

"According to Hittite history, it was during the seige of Carchemish that Suppiluliumas received a message from widowed Queen Ankhesenamun, asking him for one of his sons to be king of Egypt."

Nefertiti was the wife of Echnaton (neo-Egyptological Akhenaten), both wrongly transcribed. Echnaton is actually King Saul of the Bible. Echnaton is Ish-Naton "father Nathan" and his (i.e. Saul's) son Jonathan is "young Nathan", Jo-Naton, so that these were Nathan Sr. and Nathan Jr. One could also view the names as being old (n)Aton and young Aton. Nathan in Hebrew means "gift of God" and compares to Adonis or Adonija.

The name "Saul" was applied biblically to the "Sun King" because Saul is an Indo-European term for "sun", as in the Latvian term Saule meaning "sun". King Saul viz. Echnaton viz. Akhenaten was a sun worshipper and became known to us as the first monotheistic king for this solar worship, which was presumably imported by his Hittite wife.

Nefertiti (correctly "Chetite") is rendered in the Bible as Ahinoam ("daughter of Ahi"), and Ahi was the Egyptian vizier, a Hittite, now transcribed as Ay:

"Nefertiti's origins are confusing. It has been suggested ... that Tiy was also her mother. Another suggestion is that Nefertiti was Akhenaten's cousin. Her wet nurse was the wife of the vizier Ay, who could have been Tiy's brother. Ay sometimes called himself "the God's father," suggesting that he might have been Akhenaten's father-in-law."

As we have discovered, Ay is equivalent to the Biblical priest Ahimaaz, who was the father of Ahinoam (Biblical scholars err in thinking there are two different personages: Ahimaaz, the father of Ahinoam, and also Ahimaaz (Achimas) the son of Zadok - both are the same):

"Ahimaaz: 1. The father Ahinoam, the wife of Saul (1 Sam. 14:50).... 2. The son and successor of Zadok in the office of highpriest (1 Chr. 6:8, 53). On the occasion of the revolt of Absalom he remained faithful to David, and was of service to him in conveying to him tidings of the proceedings of Absalom in Jerusalem (2 Sam. 15:24-37; 17:15-21). He was swift of foot, and was the first to carry to David tidings of the defeat of Absalom, although he refrained, from delicacy of feeling, from telling him of his death (2 Sam. 18:19-33)."

Noam in Hebrew means "pleasant, gentle, sweet, kind, and tender" and noam is actually the "male" version of no'omi, i.e. Naomi, so that a later Biblical gender change has occurred in this name. Nefertiti is translated similarly by the Egyptologists as "the beautiful one". Ahinoam is translated as "brother of pleasantness" which of course can not be right since this is a female. Accordingly, the name of the Hittite Queen was NAOMI "the pleasant one".

Biblical scholars also err in thinking that there are two Ahinoams, i.e. Naomis, one Ahinoam as the wife of Saul and Ahinoam of Jezreel (Israel) as the wife of David. Obviously, these are one and the same person, as David took the wife of Saul (Nefertiti) into his court upon Saul's death.

Hence, it is quite clear from the above analysis that the "Elder Woman" [Mummy 61070, as cataloged by the Egyptian Museum in Cairo] from tomb KV35 is Nefertiti, as correctly suggested by Susan E. James in her 2003 KMT article (Susan E. James, In a "Secret Chamber" in the Valley of the Kings: Dueling "Nefertitis"!, KMT, a Modern Journal of Ancient Egypt, 2003, Vol 14(3), pp. 22-29).

That mummy is not, as generally and erroneously believed to be, Queen Tiye, the wife of Amenhotep III. Rather the Elder Woman in KV35 is Naomi, the Hittite Queen, known to us as Nofretete or Nefertiti.

We also make here an aside on the only female Pharaoh: We agree with Donald P. Ryan that the reddish-blonde haired mummy of a woman found on the floor of Tomb 60 is Hatshepshut, together with her half-sister Neferura, the other female mummy found there. According to our research Hatshepshut is the Biblical Deborah who is called the woman of Lapidoth, a term erroneously assumed by some to be her husband, but elsewhere the term Lapidoth is correctly interpreted as "woman of fiery spirit", and is thus a reference to her red hair. Ramses II was also red-haired. The Pharaohs of Egypt definitely did not originally come from Egypt.

Nofretete Moved to Berlin's Museum Island

Traveling to Berlin?

In case you missed the report from the Staatliche Museen zu Berlin (report in English), the Nofretete has been moved to Berlin's Museum Island.

Agoza, Chad, Africa - Ancient Ruins

I received an inquiry relating to Agoza which indicated that I needed to post some more information about it. Agoza is merely the site of ancient ruins which have thus far not been dated.

For background, see my postings at Megaliths.co.uk
and Archaeopundit

Please note that Arabic Qasr means "fortification" and that this word was used to mark ancient border points. Qasr has become Agoza by loss of the ending r, i.e. QAS-r = aGOZa.

Agoza is located in the Ennedi region, where ancient prehistoric rock art has been found.

As noted at that website link, which also has a nice clickable map of "archaeology in Africa", parts of this region of Africa and the Darb El Arba'in Desert are among the least explored regions of our planet, but we do have evidence of nearby prehistoric habitation....

The ruins at Agoza are referred to at

GlobalCoordinate.com

VioVio Travel

and

TavelJournals.com

The location of Agoza is given here.

Note that there are some differences in latitude for the location of Agoza given by the various soruces.

A map of the actual location resolves the issue, showing that Agoza is above 18° north latitutde.

The ruins are located near the mountain of Tagoulicha

and the Depression du Mourdi.

The larger area involved is called the Erdi Plateau.

The Erdi Plateau is interesting because it represents the highest latitude at which the African lion has been found.

"The extreme latitudes of the lion range are:Highest latitudes- Northern HemisphereThe African lion has been extirpated from all the former high latitudes where it used to live, both in the Northern (North Africa) and Southern Hemisphere (the Cape). Rock paintings also attest to the former presence of lion deep inside what is now the Sahara Desert. The famous Theodore Monod reported in Northern Chad that a lion was shot in 1927 in the region of Erdi Dji (as far North as 19°N, just where the 3 borders Chad, Libya, Sudan meet), and another lion was shot in 1940 near Mourdi (18°30'N) (Smithers, 1983). Now lions are still present in Central Africa up to 15°N (Hoinathy Honimadji, pers. comm.; J. Tubiana, pers. comm.). The Northernmost lion populations are probably:(i)The few remaining individuals of Boucle du Baoulé National Park in Mali (if they still exist);(ii)The small relict population of Kapka mountain range, a non-gazetted area in North-Eastern Chad (the Ennedi mountain range seems to have lost its lion population), and;(iii)The population of Dinder National Park, Sudan, and of the neighbouring area in Ethiopia."

Where the current borders of Chad, Libya and Sudan meet is just a bit north of Agoza, what we consider to be the ancient border point for this region of Africa. These modern borders are not quite accurate.

There is also an ancient ruin at Qunianga Kebir (Qunianga Serir) to the northwest, of which a photo exists.

Very interesting.
.

Heritage Malta and a Monumental Mandate

Heritage Malta and a Monumental Mandate

Mark Rose, Executive Director of Archaeology Magazine, together with photographer Andrew Lowell Slayman has just published an article A Monumental Mandate, in which Rose discusses the fact that:

"Heritage Malta has taken up the challenge of managing unparalleled cultural treasures."
.

Megaliths and Evidence : Stones but no Evidence of Sedentary Villages

Megaliths and Evidence : Stones but no Evidence of Sedentary Villages

Here is a typical example of WHY the mainstream has not moved forward on megalithic research. They are bogged down in their own unproven theories which are not supported by any evidence.

Catherine Perles and Gerard Monthel in their book:
The Early Neolithic in Greece: The first farming communities in Europe, Cambridge University Press, 2001,
write at Footnote 1, page 2
about theories in archaeology which do not conform to what has actually been found to be true:

"A more current example is provided by the absence of villages or habitations in Western European megalithic areas. After a century of fieldwork, many authors still argue that the megaliths' builders were necessarily sedentary and that their villages will eventually be found."

Read that carefully. What it means is that mainstream archaeology is sticking to its ridiculous theory that the megaliths were local "cult" objects, sort of like a sundial in every backyard lawn, which locals erected to predominantly view the Sun and Moon in their area. NOTHING supports this view. It is a fiction, a theory in the imaginations of mainstream archaeologists which has absolutely no support in the facts.

Rather, as Perles and Monthel correctly note, it is really high time to look for explanations which fit what the facts tell us. The facts tell us that the megaliths were put up by some kind of a MOBILE group which was NOT sedentary to the megalithic locations.

Here again, my theory that this was a worldwide megalithic survey of the Earth by astronomy by a mobile group of persons specially sent out on this task - again - DOES fit the facts.

Enjoy,
Andis

Mount Sainai Har Karkom Mount Gerizim Ancient Survey of Egypt

Mount Sainai Har Karkom Mount Gerizim Ancient Survey of Egypt

Peter Tompkins in Secrets of the Great Pyramid, Galahad Books, N.Y., 1971, writes: "According to Hebrew historians the original Jewish center of worship was not Jerusalem, but Mount Gerizim, a strictly geodetic point 4° [4 degrees] east of the main axis of Egypt. It was only moved to Jerusalem after 980 B.C.

Mount Gerizim = Har Karkom in the Sinai part of ISRAEL

Our discovery is that this clearly means
that Mount Gerizim was Har Karkom (Geri=Kar, Zim=Kom).

As found at Ancient Sources:

"ENGLISH TRANSLATION OF THE ORIGINAL GREEK:
Eusebius, Onomasticon 64:16-17 (ca. 295 A.D.); Jerome 65:16-17 (ca. 390 A.D.)

"Gerizim (Deut 11:29), is the mountain on which stood those who recited the blessings [Jerome mistakenly writes: the curses], near Mount Gebal of which we spoke above."

Har Karkom in ISRAEL = Mount Sinai

We refer here particularly now to a great pioneer book by
Professor Emmanuel Anati
The Riddle of Mount Sinai:
Archaeological Discoveries at Har Karkom
Edizioni del Centro, Studi Camuni
(a series of monographs on art, archaeology and history).

The book can be obtained from:
Centro Camuno di Studi Preistorici
25044 Capo di Ponte (BS) Italy
Tel. (0039) 364 42091 - Fax (0039) 364 42572
E-mail: ccspreist@tin.it
URL: http://www.rockart-ccsp.com

Anati - in our opinion correctly, it is HIS discovery -
places the Biblical Mount Sinai at Har Karkom
in the NORTH of the Sinai Peninsula and not SOUTH
(as the mainstream currently and erroneously believes).

Har Karkom is full of megaliths and rock drawings. Har Karkom is just south of the major ancient trails across Sinai, whereas the South of Mount Sinai would have been next to impossible in ancient times for a large number of people to reach on foot, as Exodus claims.

ANCIENT NEOLITHIC SURVEY OF THE ANCIENT NEAR EAST including EGYPT

This knowledge gives us the key to the ancient Neolithic survey of this region and shows us clearly that the present location of Mount Gerizim and Mount Gebal as set by mainstream scholars is totally false, being set simply based on guesswork at the Shomron Valley.

But, in fact, Har Kar-kom = Geri-zim.
This was the ancient Hebrew holy place on Sinai.

MOUNT GEBAL = JABAL YU ALLIQ in the Sinai part of EGYPT

The "neighboring" Mount Gebal - as we shall show below - is Jabal Yu Alliq (highest peak in North Sinai) in spite of the fact that neighboring Jabal 'Urayfan Nxqah is on the same horizontal survey line as Har Karkom and Petra and might be thought to be the neighboring Gebal, which is not so. Jabal 'Urayfan Nxqah and Petra are even equidistant from Har Karkom at a latitude of about 30°20' but this relates to a later era.

QUSAYR AD DAFFAH, LIBYA

A horizontal line extends to the West to Jabal Yu Alliq in Sinai and Qusayr ad-Daffah (today deserted ruins) in Libya, just on the edge of the modern border to Egypt. Qasr in Arabic means "castle, fortification". Qusayr ad-Daffah marked the ancient Neolithic Western border to Libya.

TOBRUK, LIBYA - AGOZA, CHAD - MEROE, SUDAN

From Qusayr ad-Daffah there is then an ancient survey line northward to Tobruk and Bi'r al-Uzam and southward to Agoza (today deserted ruins), just south of the current four-country border corner of Egypt, Libya, Chad and the Sudan. Agoza was the actual ancient border point.

The survey line to the East from Tobruk
runs at an angle of 110° to Jabal Yu Alliq and Har Karkom.

The survey line to the East from Agoza
runs at an angle of 110° to Meroe.

Two lines run to the North from Meroe,
one line perpendicularly up to Jabal Yu Alliq
(forming a surveyor's parallelogram with Tobruk, Agoza, and Meroe)
and the other line running North to Har Karkom.

THE ANCIENT SURVEYOR'S ARK (ARC)

The distance between Jabal Yu Alliq and Har Karkom represent
"the arc" of the distance "lost" due to the curvature of the Earth.

Using the map website WayHoo we can find the latitudes and longitudes of these locations with geographic positioning results that persuasively confirm the above survey analysis. Agoza is at 23.75°E 18.5°N, Meroe is at 33.75°E 17°N, i.e. EXACTLY 10 degrees longitude apart, while Qusayr ad Daffah is at 24°E 30.33°N, Tobruk at 24°E 32°N, Jabal Yu Alliq at 33.5°E 30°N and Har Karkom at 34.75°E 30°N.

The actual positional data are:
Agoza, Chad 18.50000 N, 23.75000 E
Meroe, Sudan 16.93833 N, 33.74722 E
Qusayr ad Daffah, Libya 30.33333 N, 23.90000 E
Tobruk, Libya 32.06667 N, 24.01667 E
Jabal Yu 'alliq, Egypt 30.37528 N, 33.50500 E
Har Karkom, Israel 30.28750 N, 34.74250 E

MEASURE OF THE CIRCUMFERENCE OF THE EARTH

The longitudinal difference of this "The Arc" (more on "The Ark" below) between Har Karkom and Jabal Yu Alliq is about 1.25 degrees which reflects the diminishment in the circumference of the earth for the intended difference in longitude between Har Karkom and Meroe, i.e. about 13.5°. Hence the difference in the circumference of the earth at Har Karkom and Jabal Yu Alliq from its circumference at Meroe for 10 degrees of longitude between Meroe and Agoza is thus 36 x 1.25 = 45 degrees or 1/8 of the circumference of the earth less than at Meroe.

MOUNT GERZIM AND MOUNT GEBAL in BIBLICAL SOURCES

This ancient "Ark" is mentioned in ancient Hebrew sources.
As written at Har Gerizim and Ayval:

"The twin peaks of Mount Gerizim and Mount Ebal stand above the Shomron Valley.... [Note by Megaliths.co.uk - that location is the mainstream idea and simply false.]

Six Tribes of the Bnai Yisroel stood by Mount Gerizim and six Tribes stood by Mount Ayval. The Ahron HaKodesh (Holy Ark) was set between the mountains.... [Note by Megaliths.co.uk - In our opinion, that reference is the division of the heavens into twelve spheres. As Andis Kaulins has discovered from the names and positions of the Egyptian Nomes, the Holy Ark - symbolized by the dog Anubis - was placed at the Vernal (Spring) Equinox ca. 3117 BC to the right of the stars of Orion. In Indo-European, e.g. SUNIS, SUNI (pl.) means dog whence the stellar origin of the name of the peninsula, SINAI. The derived name Anubis is Indo-European e.g. Latvian Navis "death" which the dog also symbolized. Hence, in the megalithic survey system of the ancient Middle East, if Sinai represented the stars to the right of Orion at the Spring Equinox ca. 3117 BC, then, in fact, Egypt represented Orion, and this would confirm the hypothesis of Robert Bauval and Adrian Gilbert in the Orion Mystery, that the Giza Pyramids represent Orion, i.e. the pyramids are placed on an ancient Neolithic location.

Moshe Rabbaynu commanded the Bnai Yisroel that as soon as they crossed the Yarden (Jordan) River [Note by Megaliths.co.uk - this was actually the Wadi el Jayb, i.e. the "River Jordan" at the other end of the Dead Sea. Of course, this occurred much later than the pyramids, at the time of Moses, which as we have written elsewhere, was the 13th Pharaonic dynasty and not the chronology currently assigned to Exodus.] they were to take twelve stones from the river bed and build a Mizbayach on top of Mount Ayval. They were to plaster over the twelve stones and carve into the plaster the words of the Torah in all seventy languages. (Deut. 27:1-26)

Loot | Along the Antiquities Trail: An Illicit Journey Out of Egypt, Only a Few Questions Asked

At Loot | Along the Antiquities Trail: An Illicit Journey Out of Egypt, Only a Few Questions Asked a February 23, 2004 article by BARRY MEIER and MARTIN GOTTLIEB explores the world of illicit antiquities traffic. It is a great read, providing deep insight into this age-old international trade in art and artifacts. It really is quite like Indiana Jones.

Panama Megalith Deciphered

Panama Megalith Deciphered

As already noted in the previous posting to Archaeopundit, the recently discovered Miami Circle is equally distant - on a straight line - from both the Peterborough Petroglyphs in Canada and the just found gigantic Panama Megalith. It appears that these markers are the major Eastern triangulation points for the ancient (ca. 3000 BC) survey of North America by the megalith builders.

There also appears to be a survey tie to Teotihuacan, as the distance from Teotihuacan to the Miami Circle is the same (ca. 2050 km) as from the Miami Circle to the Peterborough Petroglyphs and from the Miami Circle to the Panama Megalith - we measure this as 2050 km each way using the distance-finding software program Geothek. From Teotihuacan to the Petroglyphs the distance is 3400 km. From Teotihuacan to the Panama Megalith it is 2500 km. This survey of North America was just one part of a larger survey of the world by the megalith builders.

In the book, Stars Stones and Scholars
the Peterborough Petroglyphs in Canada are deciphered as a planisphere marking the center of heaven - as is now clear, this was the North Ecliptic Pole.

Similarly, the Miami Circle is deciphered in that book as a planisphere marking approximately in the region of the star nu-Hydra at the Summer Solstice ca. 3117 BC.

It thus seemed probable that the giant Panama Megalith just found this last week in Panama would fit in with this survey system.

It has in fact been possible for me to decipher the figures and cupmarks on the Panama Megalith, showing that these figures and cupmarks mark the South Ecliptic Pole and thus constitute the "southern geographic survey border" for the survey of North America. South America begins just below this point of the SE end of the Isthmus of Panama.

Since the ancients used the stars to survey the Earth, the figures carved on megaliths mark stars, constellations or asterisms. We find that the head of the lizard-figure on the Panama Megalith marks the top of the group of stars modernly known as Dorado. The head of Dorado points directly to the South Ecliptic Pole.

Also marked on the Panama Megalith appears to be a relief next to it on the left - the shape is marked by heavy moss on the megalith as shown on the photograph of the stone - and we think this could be the human-head-shaped Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC), but this must remain speculative until the moss is removed and surface studied. The numerous three-cupped cupmark groups on the Panama Megalith mark the stars around LMC and also further to its right mark the stars of what we today know as the constellation Reticulum.

The decipherment is found as

panamamegalith.gif

in file "North America - USA Canada" at the LexiLine Yahoo egroup on the History of Civilization.